A Pure Component in React is a special type of component that optimizes rendering performance by implementing shallow comparison in its shouldComponentUpdate lifecycle method. Shallow Comparison: A Pure Component automatically prevents re-rendering if its props and state have not changed. Performance Optimization: Reduces unnecessary re-renders, making the app faster. Class Component: In class-based components, you can create a pure component by extending React.PureComponent instead of React.Component. Functional Equivalent: In functional components, you can achieve the same optimization using React.memo().